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2 Sheets-Sheetl. G. M. TESSIE du MOTAY & L. FLBEOKWITH.

Reaction and Direct Action Engine.

No. 225,245. Patented Mar. 9,1880.

Inv 672157;? 2

N. FEI'ERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAFKER, WAQHINGTON, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEFIoE.

OYPRIEN M. TESSIE DU MOTAY, OF PARIS, FRANCE, AND LEONARD F. BEGKWITH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

REACTION AND DIRECT-ACTION ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 225,245, dated March 9, 1880.

' Application filed May 14, 1879.

- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CYPRIEN M. TEssIE DU MOTAY, of Paris, France. temporarily residing in New York city, and LEONARD FORBES BEOKWITH, of New York city, have invented a new and useful Double-Medium Reaction and Direct-Action Engine or Motor, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention relates to that class of machines or engines in which steam, compressed air, or other expansive gas under pressure is used as the agent for producing the motive power without the aid of a'piston and cylinder, being made to operate by the reaction or direct impulsion of the steam or other gas.

If the steam or gas is allowed to act or react in the free air or on a gaseous medium, great speed must be obtained, and large quantities of the agent consumed to generate a motive power relatively feeble.

In this invention the mechanical work is increased by the application of the principle of a double medium, the one being gaseous and the other liquid, thelatter serving as a point of resistance toor receiving the direct impact of the motive gaseous medium, and being effective in proportion as it is dense and less fluid. This principle is specially applicable to reaction motors.

Heretofore screw-propellers have been devised to operate by reaction of steam and the immersion of the wheel or a part thereof in a receptacle containing a liquid medium.

This invention consists, first, in the immersion of a reaction-wheel'in a bath contained in a closed vessel, having at the bottom an enlarged space or chamber in which the wheel revolves, and contracted above, so that the bath may be maintained at the proper temperature, and by increasing the height of the The invention also consists in certain improvements and combination of parts applicable as well to direct-acting as to reaction motors-to wit, in providing the receptacle containing the liquid bath with a steam-jacket, whereby the required temperature of the bath is maintained or, if amedium solid atordinary temperatures is employed, it may be liquefied and keptin a liquid condition; and also in makin g the nozzles which discharge the gaseous medium below the surface of the liquid medium in the form of ejectors, with a short conical tube, open at both ends, and surrounding the tube for delivering the gaseous medium.

In a direct-acting motor the steam escapes from a nozzle and forces the liquid against the blades or paddles of the submerged wheel. This is not, however, broadly new, as such motors have been heretofore devised.

The liquid medium employed in this invention is or may be oil, water, fatty or resinous matters in a liquid or melted state, or mercury, or a metallic alloy fusible at a low temperature.

The following description will enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use our said invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 represent views, in section, of different varieties of reaction rotary engines; and Figs. 7 and'8 views, in vertical and horizontal section, of a direct-acting englue.

The same letters refer to like parts on all the figures where they occur.

A is the receptacle for containing the liquid bath B, in which the motor-wheel, supported by a shaft, S, is wholly or partly immersed. Power is transmitted from the shaft S by a gear-wheel, G. Referring to Figs. 1 to 4, the

is or may be corrected by placing directing attachments around the rotating arms or upon the sides of the receptacle, as at Fig. 4', so that when the liquid of which the bath is composed impinges against the sides it is then directed back again into the path of the arms to receive the fullforce of the jet. The steam rises through the bath and escapes by a suitble opening or pipe.

If the bath used is a fusible alloy, a double envelope or jacket, E, Figs. 1 and 3, is employed. It is shown in Fig. 1 in communication with the boiler 0 through a loaded valve.

In Fig. 1 the shaft S is arranged vertically, and the reaction-wheel with the arms P is submerged in the bath. The form of these arms is shown in horizontal section in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 3 the shaftis also vertical; but the outer ends only of the horizontal arms, of which one only is shown, are submerged, the shape of this submerged portion, and also of the directing attachments D at the sides of the receptacle, being shown by Fig. 4:, which is a sectional view.

In Figs. 5 and 6, which represent views in vertical section in planes at right angles to each other, the shaft is horizontal and the submerged reaction-wheel turns in a vertical plane. In the apparatus shown in these figures the steam, instead of being admitted through the hollow shaft, is introduced by a stationary pipe, T, Fig. 5. Fig. 6 is a view in sectional elevation in a plane at right angles to that of Fig. 5.

Referring to Figs. 7 and 8, the steam is introduced through stationary nozzles or ejectors T, and the arms or paddles P of the motor-wheel are or may be solid. The arrangement of the ejectors with relation to the paddles is shown in Fig. 8, which is a horizontal section, Fig. 7 being a vertical section. The steam, as it passes through the inner tube, draws in the liquid through the concentric tube, as in a Griflard ejector, and the jet is forced strongly against the paddles P. As the steam escapes from the bath it is carried off by the pipe F, which dips into the trough or box H, so that any of the liquid in the receptacle A which may be carried off by the steam will be condensed and returned through the pipe I. This trough and pipe might also be used in connection with the apparatus shown in Figs. 1 to 6, and the jacket E might be employed in all the varieties of apparatus shown.

It is obvious that the ejectors or nozzles T, and also the trap or apparatus F H I, for con- (lensing and returning the liquid medium to its receptacle, (shown in. Figs. 7 and 8,) could be employed in connection with the engines or motors shown in the other figures. The

ejectors would then be applied to the end of the arms of the reaction-wheels represented in those figures.

Instead of deriving the motive gas or vapor from a steam-boiler, it may be taken from any convenient source, as from a reservoir of compressed air or heated gas under pressure.

It is evident that many modifications other than those we have already indicated might be made in the form of the wheels, so as to diminish the resistance to their revolutionas, for example, by an approximation to the form of a turbine-wheel.

It is evident, also, that many changes might be made in the details and arrangements of parts.

Having thus fully described our said invention and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with a submerged reaction-wheel, of the receptacle containing the liquid bath, having at the bottom an enlarged space or chamber, in which the said reactionwheel is placed and contracted above, the bath filling the enlarged space and extending to a suitable height in the contracted portion above. substantially as described.

' 2. The combination of a receptacle containing a liquid and having directing attachments on the sides thereof with a reaction-wheel and means for supplying steam or other gaseous medium thereto, the said wheel beingimmersed in the aforesaid bath at those points from which the steam or gaseous medium escapes. substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with a suitable recep-, tacle, provided with a steam-jacket, and a liquid bath contained in said receptacle, of a motor-wheel wholly or partly immersed in said bath, and means for applying steam or other gaseous medium beneath the surface of the bath to operate said wheel, substantially as described.

4. In a double-medium engine, the combination of a motor-wheel wholly or partly submerged in a liquid bath, with a nozzle for discharging the gaseous medium below the surface of said bath in the form of an ejector, with a short conical tube, open at both ends, surrounding the tube for delivering the gaseous medium, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

Witnesses E. GILLET, W. H. BENTON. 

